Training

Kefah Al-Faddagh joined Saudi Arabian Oil Company (Saudi Aramco) in 1986 and retired in 2012. From 1979 to 1986, prior to joining Saudi Aramco, he had been lecturer and assistant to the Head of the Chemical Engineering Department of the Basrah University, Iraq. Kefah is currently serving as Gas Processing Consultant in Gas Treating, Sulphur Recovery, Dehydration, NGL Recovery and Crude Stabilization. He worked for the Upstream Process Engineering Division of Process & Control Systems Department, Saudi Aramco. He supported and pursued performance of all gas operating plants, new natural gas ventures, and natural gas infrastructure projects in Saudi Aramco. He also provided technical training to Saudi Aramco Engineering, Operating Gas Plants and Projects personnel with all knowledge to capture integrated opportunities across the full value chain. Throughout his career, of more than 34 years of diversified experience in the gas industry and academic, he has held a variety of engineering, operations and projects, including projects development of various Natural Gas plants in Saudi Aramco. He holds B.Sc. and M.S. degrees in Chemical Engineering, from Baghdad University, Iraq in 1976 and 1978, respectively. Retiree from Saudi Aramco in August 2012

DURATION 3-5 Days
DESIGNED FOR This course is a versatile overview of the gas conditioning and processing industry based on theoretical and technical material from worldwide industry. As a wide ranging overview, it is suitable for “interested parties” more so than direct practitioners, such as geologists, reservoir engineers, line managers, sales and business development staff, related specialists such as environmental staff, operational staff, shift foremen, or those new to the industry such as entry-level engineers, as well as anyone interested in a general, technically oriented overview of the gas processing industry. PARTICIPANT WILL LEARN

• Overview of world energy trends, natural gas, and the role of gas processing and conditioning
• Natural gas sources, makeup, properties, specifications, and related oil and gas terminology
• How gas is transported and sold
• Field operations that support gas processing
• Options for various basic gas conditioning and processing steps: treating, dehydration, liquid extraction, and product fractionation and treating
• Key commercial and contract issues in liquids extraction
• Principles of gas measurement and common measurement devices
• Markets and uses for NGL, LPG, ethane, propane and butane
• Key pieces of equipment used in natural gas production and processing facilities
• Overview of related specialty processes such as NGL, nitrogen rejection and helium recovery, and sulfur recovery and acid gas reinjection.

COURSE CONTENT

• A Closer Look at Natural Gas
• Natural Gas and Sales Gas Specifications
• Natural Gas is World Energy Trends
• Gas Sweetening
• Gas Hydrates and Dehydration
• Phase Behavior and Phase Envelopes
• Stabilization and Fractionation Concepts and Facilities
• Gas Conditioning (Dew Point Control) and NGL Extraction
• Gas Processing Key Equipment and Support Systems (Heat Transfer, Compression, Pipelines and Gathering Systems, Measurement)
• Specialty Processes in Gas Processing (NGL recovery, Nitrogen Rejection and Helium Recovery, Sulfur Recovery and Acid Gas Reinjection)
• Special Topics in Gas Processing (Refrigeration)
• Mercury Removal

DURATION 5 Days
ABOUT THE COURSE This course emphasizes process selection, practical operating issues, technical fundamentals, and integration of the sweetening facilities into the overall scheme of gas processing. Special design and operation topics such as trace sulfur compound handling and the importance of H2S:CO2 ratio is covered. Related topics such as liquid product treating, corrosion, materials selection and NACE requirements will also be reviewed. DESIGNED FOR Production and processing personnel involved with natural gas sweetening requiring an understanding of the principles of these process operations. This course is for facilities engineers, process engineers, operations personnel, field supervisors and others who select, design, install, evaluate or operate gas sweetening facilities. PARTICIPANT WILL LEARN

• Evaluation and selection of processes to remove acid gases (H2S, CO2, COS, CS2, mercaptans, etc.) from gas and NGLs
• The advantages and disadvantages of available gas sweetening technology and processes
• How to estimate solvent circulation rates, energy requirements and equipment sizes
• Recognize and evaluate solutions to common problems

COURSE CONTENT

• Gas specifications and process selection criteria
• Generic and specialty amine treating
• Carbonate processes
• Proprietary amine solvents such as Sulfinol® and Flexsorb®
• Physical absorption processes, e.g. Selexol
• Solid bed and non-regenerable treating; scavengers
• Selective treating processes
• Liquid product treating
• Metallurgical issues – corrosion
• Other technologies and new developments
• Course workshop and summar

DURATION 5 Days
ABOUT THE COURSE This course emphasizes process selection, practical operating issues, technical fundamentals, and integration of the sulfur recovery and tail gas processes. It is also covered including standard Claus configurations, SuperClaus®, EuroClaus®, SCOT® etc. Special design and operation topics such as trace sulfur compound handling and the importance of H2S:CO2 ratio is covered. Related topics such as liquid product treating, corrosion, materials selection and NACE requirements will also be reviewed. DESIGNED FOR Production and processing personnel involved with sulfur recovery requiring an understanding of the principles of these process operations. This course is for facilities engineers, process engineers, operations personnel, field supervisors and others who select, design, install, evaluate or operate gas sweetening and sulfur recovery facilities. PARTICIPANT WILL LEARN

• Evaluation and selection of processes to handle acid gases (H2S, CO2, COS, CS2, mercaptans, etc) and convert it to sulfur
• The advantages and disadvantages of available sulfur recovery technology and processes
• Sulfur recovery technologies, including an overview of the Claus Sulfur process
• How to select the proper sulfur recovery process given differing process conditions
• How to estimate air and energy requirements and equipment sizes
• Recognize and evaluate solutions to common problems

COURSE CONTENT (Sulfur Recovery)

• Sulfur recovery processes
• Acid Gas Scrubber and KO system
• Air blowers system
• Acid gas pre-heating and Reaction furnace
• Sulfur Condenser and Converter system
• Thermal oxidizer system
• Sulfur pit and ejectors systems
• Sulfur storage and loading systems
• Sulfur pelletizing system

Tail gas clean-up: SCOT-type, CBA and others

DURATION 5 Days
ABOUT THE COURSE The course has been developed as the basic standard of the industry for gas conditioning and dew point control. The course includes in-depth information on practical gas conditioning and processing. All young engineers have to attend this program, which considered by many to be the most practical and comprehensive course in the oil and gas industry. Both hand-methods and computer-aided analysis are used to examine sensitivities of technical decisions. To enhance the learning process, many problems will be assigned, reviewed and discussed throughout the course. DESIGNED FOR Production and processing personnel involved with natural gas and associated liquids to acquaint or reacquaint themselves with gas conditioning and processing unit operations. This course is for facilities engineers, process engineers, operations personnel, field supervisors and others that select, design, install, evaluate or operate gas processing plants and related facilities. PARTICIPANT WILL LEARN

• The significant differences of gases (associated & non-associated).
• The basics of gas conditioning and dew point control
• The selection and evaluation processes used to dehydrate natural gas, meet hydrocarbon dew point specifications and extract heavy hydrocarbons
• How to apply physical/thermodynamic property correlations and principles to the design and evaluation of gas processing facilities
• Effectively use the GPSA Engineering Data book.
• Equipment sizing methods for major process equipment
• To recognize and develop solutions to operating problems and control issues in gas processing facilities

COURSE CONTENT

• Gas processing systems
• Physical properties of hydrocarbons
• Qualitative phase behavior
• Vapor-liquid equilibrium
• Water-hydrocarbon phase behavior
• Basic thermodynamic concepts
• General system energy changes and rate processes
• Process control fundamentals
• Fluid hydraulics
• Separation equipment
• Heat transfer
• Pumps and Compressors
• Refrigeration
• Fractionation/distillation
• Glycol dehydration

DURATION Flexible 5 or 10 Days
ABOUT THE COURSE Participant will be able to define contents, subjects and processes covered in this course that relate to natural gas liquids (NGL) recovery in Gas Plants Facilities. This course is one of the important in the industry to provide the more economic process for the NGL recovery. The course includes in-depth information on basic gas conditioning and processing. Instructor will explain the acid gas removal processes (various amines) employed in NGL processes. Relevant details of both the mixed refrigerant and cascade processes in NGL liquefaction are described. The 10 days version of this course will cover more advanced information and practical for NGL recovery processes. DESIGNED FOR Personnel involved with natural gas processing and NGL production, as well as anyone interested in a solid understanding of the principles of an NGL plant. PARTICIPANT WILL LEARN for 5 Days

• The significant differences of gases (associated & non-associated).
• The basics of gas conditioning and NGL processing.
• To select and evaluate processes used to dehydrate natural gas, remove heavy components and other contaminants, and to extract NGL in plants.
• Physical/thermodynamic property correlations and principles, including heating values, etc. as applied to gas processing facilities and NGL plants.
• Effectively use the GPSA Engineering Data book.
• NGL and gas processing facilities.
• How and why of various NGL recovery processes available to the natural gas industries.
• Key points in other NGL liquefaction technologies.
• How to perform and review equipment sizing for major process equipment.

PARTICIPANT WILL LEARN for 10 Days (additional to above)

• Fundamentals of propane and propane pre-cooled, mixed refrigerant systems used in NGL recovery plants.
• Understand the significance of NGL recovery including nitrogen rejection.
• The importance of product specifications.
• Utilize the features of in-house process equipment sizing packages.
• The usefulness of process simulation software.
• The evolution of NGL recovery processes.
• The significant features of various NGL recovery processes.
• Assess potential for improving NGL recovery of value from natural gas processing facilities.
• Solutions to operating problems and control issues in NGL recovery.

COURSE CONTENT

• • Basic gas technology principles
  • Water-hydrocarbon system behavior
  • Hydrates
  • Thermodynamics of NGL processes
  • Separation equipment
  • Gas sweetening, CO2 and H2S removal
  • Dehydration of natural gas
  • Heat transfer and exchangers
  • Pumps and compressors
  • Refrigeration systems
  • NGL liquefaction technologies
  • Fractionation and adsorption
  • Course summary and overview

DURATION
5 Days ABOUT THE COURSE This course emphasizes process selection, practical operating issues, technical fundamentals, and integration of the dehydration and hydrate inhibition facilities into the overall scheme of gas processing. It is also covered including standard TEG and molecular sieve beds configurations. Special design and operation topics such as trace elemental sulfur handling and bio sulfides in the feed gas will be discussed. DESIGNED FOR Production and processing personnel involved with natural gas processing requiring an understanding of the principles of these process operations. This course is for facilities engineers, process engineers, operations personnel, field supervisors and others, who select, design, install, evaluate or operate gas processing facilities. PARTICIPANT WILL LEARN

• Overviews of hydrate types and hydrate formation.
• Hydrate Inhibition Methods
• Evaluation and Selection Processes used to dehydrate Gas and meet Specifications
• Operate and Troubleshoot Dehydration systems.
• Special Dehydration Systems.

COURSE CONTENT

• Overview of Dehydration Processes
• Hydrate Inhibition and Dehydration
• Hydrate Inhibition Methods
• Troubleshooting Glycol Dehydration Systems
• Solid Desiccant Dehydrators
• Evaluation the Performance of Desiccant Dehydrators
• Specialized Dehydration Processes

DURATION 3 Days
ABOUT THE COURSE HYSYS is process simulation software which is a very useful tool for process engineers to design and troubleshoot gas plants and refineries. Participant will be able to define a Fluid Package (Property Package, Components, and Hypotheticals) adding streams, unit operations and utilities. Then will complete building the process simulation model for his plant and utilize this simulation optimize the plant operation and design new facilities. HYSYS uses the concept of the Fluid Package to contain all necessary information for performing flash and physical property calculations. DESIGNED FOR Personnel involved with natural gas processing and refinery, as well as anyone interested in a process simulation. PARTICIPANT WILL LEARN

• Selecting the proper property packages and components
• Defining hypotheticals and adding streams
• Attaching utilities.
• Building process models
• Understand Flash Calculations
• Methods for moving through different environments
• Utilize the process simulation to optimize operations and design new facilities.

COURSE CONTENT

• Getting Started
• Propane Refrigeration Loop
• Refrigerated Gas Plant
• NGL Fractionation Train
• Oil (Petroleum) Characterization
• Gas Gathering Network
• 2 Stage gas Compression

DURATION 2-3 Days
ABOUT THE COURSE This workshop presents a complete and up-to-date overview of the Gas Sweetening processes with emphasis on gas plant process operations.  The process flow sheets of several Sweetening Processes will be used to illustrate how the various operations differ. The advantages, limitations, and range of applicability of these processes will be discussed so that selection and integration into the overall plant is fully understood and appreciated. DESIGNED FOR Production and processing personnel involved with natural gas sweetening requiring an understanding of the principles of these process operations. This workshop is for facilities engineers, process engineers, operations personnel, field supervisors and others who select, design, install, evaluate or operate gas sweetening facilities. PARTICIPANT WILL LEARN

• The advantages and disadvantages of available gas treating technology and processes
• Evaluation and selection of processes to remove acid gases (H2S, CO2, COS, CS2, mercaptans, etc) from gas and NGLs
• How to estimate solvent circulation rates, energy requirements and equipment sizes
• Recognize and evaluate solutions to common problems

COURSE CONTENT

• Gas specifications and process selection criteria
• Generic and specialty amine treating
• Carbonate processes
• Physical absorption processes, e.g. Selexol
• Proprietary amine solvents such as Sulfinol® and Flexsorb®
• Solid bed and non-regenerable treating; scavengers
• Selective treating processes
• Other technologies and new developments
• Course workshop and summary

DURATION 5 Days
ABOUT THE COURSE This course emphasizes process selection, practical operating issues, technical fundamentals, and integration of the sweetening and sulfur recovery facilities into the overall scheme of gas processing. It is also covered including standard Claus configurations.  Special design and operation topics such as trace sulfur compound handling and the importance of H2S:CO2 ratio is covered. DESIGNED FOR Production and processing personnel involved with natural gas sweetening and sulfur recovery requiring an understanding of the principles of these process operations. This course is for facilities engineers, process engineers, operations personnel, field supervisors and others who select, design, install, evaluate or operate gas sweetening and sulfur recovery facilities. PARTICIPANT WILL LEARN

• Evaluation and selection of processes to remove acid gases (H2S, CO2, COS, CS2, mercaptans, etc) from gas and NGLs
• The advantages and disadvantages of available gas treating technology and processes

COURSE CONTENT

• Overview of Sweetening Processes
• Chemical and Physical Processes Basic Process Principles,
• Batch and Membrane Processes Principles, and Hybrid Processes
• Gas Sweetening Selection Criteria and Operating Issues
• Introduction and Fundamentals of Sulfur Recovery
• Acid Gas Conditioning Process: Process Equipment (Reaction Furnace, Re-heaters, Catalytic Converters, Sulfur Condensers, and Tail Gas Treatment)
• Basic Design & Operation Consideration: Reaction Furnace & WHB, Re-heaters, Catalytic Converters, Condensers, and Thermal Oxidizer
• Basic SRU Calculations: Sour and Acid Gas Properties, Sulfur Recovery
• SRU Catalyst Overview: Types, Properties, Deactivation Mechanism, and Performance Maintenance.
• Sulfur Handling & Forming Operation and Safety Aspects: Sulfur Storage, Degassing, Sulfur Loading, Transportation, Sulfur Blocking, Forming and Export.

DURATION 5 Days
ABOUT THE COURSE This course contains a combination of classroom lecture/discussion and PC workshop. This emphasize on design problem formulation in HYSYS and development of complete heat and material balance for a process. Also emphasize individual equipment sizing and rating and use of in-house design toolkit. DESIGNED FOR Production and processing personnel involved with natural gas processing requiring an understanding of the principles of the process operations. This course is for facilities engineers, process engineers, operations personnel, field supervisors and others, who select, design, install, evaluate or operate gas processing facilities. PARTICIPANT WILL LEARN

• Oil and Gas Separation.
• Analyze and Design Process Systems.
• Utilizing HYSYS to Evaluate and Design Processes.
• In-House Design Toolkit

COURSE CONTENT

• Overview of Oil/Gas Separation, Gas Processing, and Refining.
• Oil and Gas Separation Operations.
• Natural Gas Processing and Utilization.
• Working in the HYSYS Environment.
• Thermodynamics and Property Estimation.
• Stream and Components.
• Equipment Design and Rating.
• Demo In-House Design Toolkit by P&CSD Instructor.